Who is responsible for Dalit atrocities in Tamil Nadu? What about the rising Anti-Brahmin hate?

In Tamil Nadu, the state known for "social justice", Dalit atrocities continue to happen and infact has increased. Who is responsible? Is it the ever-accused Brahmin community or someone else?

The state of Tamil Nadu which has a great Hindu history today is known for rabid Anti-Brahmin hate and Dravidianism. It is often projected as the model state for “social justice” and that every state is supposed to follow it. It was projected that the Brahmin community(~3% of TN population) is responsible for all the atrocities committed in Tamil Nadu and a continued and aggressive Anti-Brahmin propaganda over the decades resulted in a disaster for the Brahmin community. As a result, good number of them left the state or even India good. The Brahmin population which was a meager 3% went down further. Along with that, Brahmins are no where present in the political arena of Tamil Nadu[1]. Now that all this has happened, what is the status on Dalit atrocities and caste-based atrocities in general? Did it reduce with the reduction of the Brahmin population and having made them politically invisible void of any power?

No. fact is that Dalit atrocities has increased and Tamil Nadu is projected to be most atrocity prone for Dalits[2], that Tamil Nadu leads in Dalit atrocities[4]. The situation is so bad that even the most rabid Anti-Hindu, generally pro-Tamil Nadu, pro-Dravidian organizations like the CaravanMagazine and The Wire tell us that Dalit atrocities have increased almost five-fold in Tamil Nadu[3] and that no one is talking about the Dalit atrocities happening in Tamil Nadu during the covid times[5][6] respectively and inside Tamil Nadu it is calculated that Madhurai is the worst city of all[32]. Worse, many cases are covered-up and hushed-up[7]. So the obvious question is: Who is responsible for all these atrocities? Are Brahmins with no power and population responsible? Can a community with 1-2% population carry out atrocities across Tamil Nadu? Who committed the atrocities in the last 100 years (what can be called as the era of Dravidianism/Social-Justice)? What was the intensity and the kind of crimes committed?

In this article, we will go over a large number of atrocities committed on Dalits and see who committed them.

1. Massacres and Mass violence

Let us take a look at some of the most brutal and bloody Dalit massacres that have occured in the history of India, it happened in Tamil Nadu, and none of them were perpetrated by the most-vilified Brahmin community.

1.1 The Mudukulathur riots (1957)

Sources: [8][9][10][11]

Picking from the book[11], the conflict lied between

1. Mukkulathor community (those of the three castes – Maravar, Kallar and Agamudaiyar), “Thevar” was an honorific surname they had - these were the dominant castes(obviously non-Brahmin) who had power and ruled several regions.

2. The Pallars (Dalit community)

Here goes a small overview into the conditions between these two communities in the last 2 centuries:

The sharp antagonism is related not only to social discrimination, but is also rooted in the economic realities of property ownership. Until the turn of the twentieth century, the Mukkulathor were a law unto themselves. The government was virtually non-existent in the region. Local officials claimed not to be able to enforce the law, as they said they feared physical assault. When the colonial state invoked the Criminal Tribes Act 1871 against the Mukkulathor, it had no impact. As the dominant caste in east Ramanathapuram, their writ ran through the area.

As with other dominant castes, the Mukkulathor subjected the Dalits – especially the Pallars – to several oppressive restrictions that forced many of them to emigrate or convert to Christianity in protest. Migration and conversion later enabled the Pallars to access education and acquire a heightened level of consciousness about their rights.

Later in the 1930s, Dalit men became educated because of the missionaries and the British system and started resisting the dominant caste oppression.

The violence of the dominant class in Ramanathapuram ts in with what
sociologists of India call the violence rooted in a ‘distaste for untouchables’.
Mendelsohn and Vicziany suggest, Much of this violence does not arise from the straightforward imposition of high caste authority, but as a high caste reaction to initiatives of untouchables to slough off their historic condition and to rise in the world. The more untouchables have resisted their subordination, the more savage has been the reaction they have engendered.

Due to political reasons, the Nadars(Dalit but dominant community) also joined Pallars(the Dalit community) against the Thevars.

Lot of violence happened against Pallars(Dalits), against Thevars too(Police shot a number of them) and so on. Request one to go through the article[9] or the book[11] for all the details. Point to note is it was clearly a dual between a number of dominant landowning Shudra communities (today BC/OBC) and Dalit communities.

1.2 The Keelavenmani Massacre (1968)

In short, 5 men, 16 women and 23 children were charred to death inside a hut they hid for protection[12]. This happened mainly because the Dalit laborers asked for an increase in wages (with the help of communists).

The accused Gopalakrishna Naidu, as the surname suggests belongs to the Naidu community(One of the non-Brahmin/Shudra dominant community).

1.3 Villupuram Atrocity case (1978)

Sources: [13] (from a government setup commission)

A man from the Vanniyar community(A Shudra dominant community) molests a Dalit woman. The woman’s husband and a few others go to the Vanniyar man’s home to enquire. Rest is history. 12 Dalits were brutally burdered, a number of their huts burnt down and severely damaged. The following is important.

The shops in the market are owned by dominant caste Hindus of Mudaliyar, Vanniyar and Nadar castes and also Muslims (in the violence Muslims took an active part).

Though Vanniyars were the ground level executors of the violence, other caste Hindus played a vital role by providing economic and moral support to the violators.

There was apparently a debate between if this is an actual caste-based violence or a clash of anti-social elements. The arguments are documented in the above source. I will leave it to the readers to decide.

Its important to note that this was also perpetrated by dominant Shudra communities of Tamil Nadu(Mudaliyars, Vanniyars, Nadars).

1.4 Kodiyankulam violence (1995)

Unfortunately, I couldn’t find a single news article on this, probably because Dalits had an upper-hand in this case and it was prosperous Dalits whom the Thevars (Shudra dominant community) fought with. Anyway, will be laying down what the Wikipedia article[14] says.

The fight was between Pallars (Dalit community) and the Thevars. Some quarrel between a Dalit/Pallar bus driver and students of the Maravar/Thevar caste. Dalits attacked a Thevar dominant village. Then the policemen were left to take care of Pallars.

What should be noted is that this is a problem between Dalit and a Shudra dominant community.

1.5 The Melavalavu killings (1996)

In short: A bunch of Dalits elected in a SC-reserved constituency were murdered by Shudra dominant caste Thevars[15]. All in all, 7 were killed. But you will see that almost none of the websites have published the caste of the perpetrators, they just mention “caste hindus”. You may read this detailed article from AmbedkariteToday[16], but I cannot vouch for the accuracy of the article.

1.6 Kalapatti violence (2004)

The only proper reference I could get is [17][18]. Not many news articles on this one.

A village with 2000 families of the Gounders (Shudra dominant community), 250 families from Arunthathiyars, 10 from Parayars and 150 from Boyars (latter 3 are Dalit communities). About 200 people from the dominant community(out of which 50 were women) went to where Dalits were living. Around 100 houses burned down, large number of Dalits been attacked causing serious injuries. It was noted by the commission that Police response was delayed by about 2.5 hours.

Again note that its a Shudra dominant community on Dalits.

1.7 Uthapuram caste wall case (2008)

Sources: [19][20]

The Shudra dominant community of Uthapuram ([19] tells us they were Thevars, [20] tells us they were Vellalars, either ways, non-Brahmin dominant community) built a tall wall in such a way the Dalits(Pallars) had to take a longer route. It was anyway brought down. Note that today Thevars come under are MBC (Most Backward Castes).

1.8 Dharmapuri Violence (2012)

Sources: [21]

This case is an intersection between Dalit oppression and inter-caste marriage. A Vanniyar girl (Shudra dominant community girl) fled away with e Dalit boy to get married. A Caste Panchayat (I believe similar to Khap in North) asked the girl to go back to her family. She denied, so her father committed suicide. This set off the hell fire. It was written by the National Commission for Scheduled Castes(NCSC) that 268 huts in three Dalit colonies were set on fire and it was definitely pre-planned.

1.9 Seshasamudram violence (2015)

Sources: [22][23][24]

This was a Vanniyar on Dalit violence. Although the numbers are not clear (not mentioned anywhere), [24] mentions that 80+ Dalit families fled their homes, the ratha/temple-car which Dalits had was destroyed, their homes/vehicles were destroyed. Wikipedia also gives some numbers which I am inclined not to trust.

1.10 Ponparappi violence (2019)

Sources: [25]

A village had 1000 Vanniyar (Shudra dominant community) fmailies, 300 Dalit families. In the violence, around 100 Dalit homes were ransacked and 50 Dalits injured. The police filed cases against members of PMK[26] (A party by and for Vanniyars, more on them later) and others.

These are a few very infamous massacres, violence, killings which have happened in Tamil Nadu. A lot of it is not documented. One can see that all of these are perpetrated by Shudra dominant communities which generally come under BC/OBC/MBC (Backward Caste/Other BC/Most BC) today. Not one single case like this is perpetrated by the Brahmin community.

This was about mass violence, now lets go to inter-caste marriages, honor killings - the cases/topic for which Brahmins are most vilified.

2. Honor Killings and Inter-caste marriages

There are ton of cases. I will be taking one case from each community and will just give references to all the other cases from that community.

Before going towards individual cases, let us see what these so-called “OBC/BC/MBC” castes tell about inter-caste marriages.

2.1 Komgunadu Munnetra Kazhagam and inter-caste marriages

Sources: [28]

This article gives a peak into the minds of Shudra dominant communities of Tamil Nadu. Let us go over it in detail.

After the case in sub-section 1.8 happened, KMK issued a statement,

KMK issued a statement blaming inter-caste marriages for the growing caste-related violence in the state.

A team has been setup to conduct awareness among Vellalar girls against falling in love with Dalit boys. A leader says,

"There is no love at first sight in these marriages. Dalit boys are luring our girls as instigated by their leaders and most such marriages breakdown within six months to two years. Most marriages are also turning into law and order problems and evolve into large scale violence".

A particular statistic is given.

"Inter-caste marriages happen mostly in Namakkal. Among the 955 inter-caste marriages that took place there last year, 712 ended in divorce. A dozen girls committed suiside while 37 parents ended life after seeing the pathetic life of their children".

He continues,

The party would conduct widespread campaign againist adolescent girls falling prey to ‘love traps’ set by dalit boys.

Obviously, many Anti-caste organizations have spoken against the above. One TPDK (Thanthai Periyar Dravida Kazhagam),

"Such community-based programs are against the ethos of our Constitution and society. It should not be encouraged under any circumstance".

It is continued.

"KMK's call for maintaining caste purity reflects the resurgence of social conservatives across the country, which is increasingly turning vocal for socially exclusivist practices despite the decades-long battle against caste discrimination. Though Tamil Nadu is not immune to caste violence or even honour killings, rarely has any organization openly advocated protecting caste identity".

2.2 Kongu Vellala Goundergal Peravai and inter-caste marriages

Source: [28]

The president of the org tells,

men from other castes were marrying their girls for the sake of acquiring a share of the family property before abandoning or divorcing them.

Tells that they have been observing the trend for the last 10 years but it has increased drastically.

“Though this kind of cheating has been going on for the past 10 years, the last two years has witnessed a huge increase in such marriages. This year alone there have been 936 such marriages in the Kongu region. Out of these, almost 816 marriages have broken within 15 days to two months. Girls from our community who go to colleges are being pursued by boys from other castes. Without realising their intention, these girls enter into the institution of marriage without the consent of their parents,”

Tells that the man(from the other caste) gets the wife’s share from her family through coercion and then abandons her.

Now is the interesting part (especially for the OBC/Shudra supporting progressives).

Since most of the marriages were happening to girls who went to college, Mr. Manikandan said that if this continued, they would be forced to curtail the education of the girls only till school.

2.3 Vanniyar caste organization against inter-caste marriages

Source: [30]

Vanniyar caste party (PTK) organizes a meeting to hit out at the Scheduled Castes and wants the dilution of the SC-ST Atrocity Act. The following should give a clear picture.

Dr. Ramadoss, whose support base is drawn from the Vanniyars, identified officially as a Most Backward Class, demanded amendments to prevent the misuse of the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 1989, and accused Dalit youth of fomenting social tension by filing false complaints under the law and ensnaring girls from other castes with bogus professions of love.

He continues,

“They wear jeans, T-shirts and fancy sunglasses to lure girls from other communities,” he told reporters. A resolution adopted at the meeting cited statistics of broken marriages to claim that inter-caste marriages ended in failure because they were unions born out of caste design and not love.

The meeting consisted not just the Vanniyar party but many various intermediate castes(read non-Brahmin Shudra castes) and some Muslims organizations.

2.4 Groups against ICM, IRM

Source: [31]

2.4.1 Vanniyars

Another person from the Vanniyar community tells that,

“We are not blindly opposing love marriages or inter-caste marriages. In recent years, women from our community have been targeted by few groups”.

He continues,

These groups influenced Vanniyar community girls, who belong to rich families, taking advantage of their youth and immaturity.

After marriage without parents’ concern they pressure the girls to get money from their families. The Vanniyar leader claimed to have met many such affected women, deserted both by their husbands and their parents.

It is told that a Brahmin organization too has campaigned against inter-caste and inter-religion marriages.

That should tell us how Shudra dominant communities of Tamil Nadu are vehemently against inter-caste marriages(These communities constitute of 65-70% TN population, Brahmins just 1-2% today). But when an inter-caste marriage actually happens, what is done? Let us check that out now.

3. Honor Killings and related atrocities

Even after all the above warnings, men and women from different castes tend to slip and violate the line. That is when honor killings happen. And hundreds of them have happened in Tamil Nadu. Here are references for a few of them:

1. [27]: (2003) Vanniyar girl and a Dalit boy, both poisoned and killed by the girl’s side.

2. [33]: (2022) Boy from MBC (Most Backward Castes/Shudra dominant castes), girl is a Dalit - killed by the Dalit girl’s brother. Note that its not the Upper-Caste who did it, its the Dalits.

3. [34]: (2020) Vanniyar girl with a Dalit boy, girl’s side killed them and threw them into the river. She was a 3-months pregnant and it had been ripped open.

4. [34]: (2016) Agamudaiyar caste (intermediate/Shudra community) girl with a Dalit boy, the boy was hacked to death in full public view.

5. [34]: (2019) Dalit (Parayar caste) girl with a Dalit (Pallar caste) boy, both killed. Woman’s head had been smashed and left hand chopped off. Why? Girl’s community was against the marriage (note the Parayars were considered inferior to Pallars but it was the Parayars who were against it).

6. [34]: (2019) Class issue: Both boy and girl are from Maravar caste but girl belongs to a rich family. Girls brother killed them.

7. [34]: Brahmin boy marries a Dalit girl, Dalit girl’s brother kills the Brahmin boy.

[34] gives a ton of examples - which are filled with Shudra dominant castes and Dalit castes - both involved in honor killings. Not a single case where a Brahmin family has killed, infact one case where the Brahmin boy is killed by Dalit brother for marrying her sister.

As I said earlier, honor killings keep happening in Tamil Nadu, most of them perpetrated by Shudra dominant castes and Dalit castes themselves. You will be able to get details about a lot of those cases online, some go unreported. Note that the ever-vilified 1-2% Brahmins no-where in the picture.

4. What are the Dalit organizations doing?

With Tamil Nadu being the worst place for Dalits, what are the Dalit orgs doing?

One very popular face of Dravidianism and intellectual’s favorite is Mr. Thirumavalavan. He is leader from the VCK party which is essentially a Dalit party. He has rightly identified[39] that Dalit atrocities have increased in Tamil Nadu. he tells,

He cited a study by Madurai-based Dalits rights organisation, Evidence. Its survey of 32 districts reported that atrocities against Dalits were the highest in Madurai, followed by Thanjavur, Tiruchi, Pudukottai and Sivaganga.

He blames police, government officials and bureaucracy, that the SC ST Atrocity Act is not being used by the police and so on. In other words, blames everyone other than the root-cause: Shudra dominant communities.

Other interesting thing Mr. Thirumavalavan does is spew Anti-Brahmin hate all the time. Calling North Indian Brahmins rowdies[40]. The most recent thing is his “expose the Manusmriti ideology” campaign[41]. This is apparently to create awareness about what Manusmriti tells about non-Brahmins(read Shudras) and women. He starts there and goes on to tell that Hindu society is ruled by Manusmriti and then goes on to vilify the RSS(Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh) which itself is becoming a big proponent of Ambedkarism today.

But what exactly is the use here? More Anti-Brahmin hate? More Brahmins will move out of Tamil Nadu? Because none of it will have an effect on Dalits’ condition today. Because the Shudra dominant communities are the perpetrators, not the meagre 1-2% Brahmins. This makes it clear that he is just a pawn in the entire game and and works for the Shudra dominant communities and not really for Dalits. The words like “Brahmin”, “Aryan”, “Manusmriti”, “RSS” are all boogiemen and are distractions from all the above atrocities which have happened and continue to happen.

What is happening with other Dalit organizations and activists? Well, this[42][43] is their status. In 2017, over 25 Dalit activists(who are Dalits themselves) have been killed. Who are the perpetrators? The 1-2% Brahmins? Aryans? Manusmriti? RSS? None. Its all the “caste Hindus” - the people whose caste The Scroll cannot mention because they are Shudra/non-Brahmin dominant castes. The Hindu article gives caste details about perpetrators, all of them from Shudra dominant castes.

4. But Tamil Nadu is a progressive state

Tamil Nadu is hailed as a progressive state by media, NGOs, intellectuals[35][36][37]. Its actually hailed as more progressive than Kerala(about which we’ll talk in another article). Well, what does “progressive” or “social-justice” mean then when all the above has happened?

Simple answer: Its the annihilation and erasure of Brahmins across Tamil Nadu.

Note that even with the erasure of Brahmins, nothing really happened - the caste atrocities infact have increased considerably.

What about Dalits then? Well, we know from earlier sections what their status is.

What does “Dravidian” mean? It is about annihilating of Brahmins by Shudra dominant castes of Tamil Nadu(Vellalars, Chettiars, Vanniyars, Gounders and so on) and taking full control of Tamil Nadu. It is not as if Brahmins ever had control, Anti-Brahmin hate(the boogiemen of “Brahmins”, “Aryans”, “RSS”, “Manusmriti”) was used as a tool to take control and wipe out Brahmins.

In simple words, The Shudra dominant castes played a dirty game.

5. Anti-Brahmin Hate

We are aware in general the kind of Anti-Brahmin hate spewed by Periyar and his followers, now the VCK party leader and in general all parties maybe except the BJP now. Starting from teasing to outright genocidal calls[44] - all have been made. Non-Brahmins perpetrate violence against harmless Brahmin priests[45] or it could be harassment against Brahmins to tell Mantras in Tamil[46](They voluntarily invite Brahmins, Brahmins tell Mantras in Samskrta and then they harass Brahmins to tell it in Tamizh).

This will require a separate set of articles, but the point is that this Anti-Brahmin hate is purely perpetrated by the Shudra dominant communities, using Brahmins-Aryans-RSS-Manusmriti as boogieman to keep people under fear and control. The Brahmins have neither state power nor population to do anything in Tamil Nadu.

6. To my fellow Brahmins

Tamil Nadu was a bloody hard lesson for Brahmins. The non-Brahmin dominant communities played a dirty game in order to usurp all the power to themselves by giving Brahmins bali - they spewed Anti-Brahmin hate and almost wiped out Brahmins out of the state.

A similar phenomenon is slowly emerging at the nation-level discourse. Hate against Brahmins and specifically traditional maths which operate on their own and do not indulge in any kind of atrocities. And guess who is shaping up this discourse? It is primarily being documented by a Tamil Vellalar, Aravindan Neelakandan[46]. Last few of his articles shows a radical shift in the direction in which the "Hindu movement" is going. In one of his articles, he calls traditional maths to be "fundamentalist fringe"[47].

There are many Sampradayas which have statements which can hurt other Sampradayas. They may be in the form of Puranic stories or hymns. But they have mostly lost their offending-potential (except for a Sampradaya fundamentalist fringe) because the society has moved on.

Who are these “fringe” people? They are in essence all the Vedic traditions/sampradayas and their followers(primarily Brahmins) - these are demonized in the name of accomodating Dalits and Navayana Buddhism. In the name of Dalits and social justice, Vedic institutions and large number of Brahmins(who follow them) are being vilified. Adding to that, not a single word has been spoken about caste-based atrocities by non-Brahmin dominant communities in either in his home state(Tamil Nadu) or across India - isn’t this a proof for the fact that Dravidianism is being tried out at the nation-level?

Recently, another article was published again vilifying traditional institutions and traditionalists[48]. The question was if women can recite Vedas. From there, he derived the following:

Similarly, a believer in ‘women should not recite Vedas’ usually also believes in ‘Sudras and untouchables should not enter the temples’ and usually holds ‘child marriage as a healthy practice’ and also holds ‘secular education of women a cultural degeneration’.

First of all, Aravindan hails from Tamil Nadu which is full of Shudra dominant castes, he himself is a Vellalar. Was he ever stopped from entering the temple? Even historically? Absolutely not, they literally own large number of temples. So, this is plain propaganda and is showing the boogieman to control the RW.

Today, who doesn’t believe in Jati? Yes Brahmins do, non-Brahmins do, the castes in the progressive state of Tamil Nadu are the staunchest believer in maintaining caste. Yet he writes as if only Brahmins and “upper-strata”(as if he isn’t from one) believes in Jati.

Jati with its negativity and discrimination and an inherently biased tendency to move always towards social stagnation as well as the social ills emanating from social stagnation, was universal in all pre-modern societies.

This makes it clear that “trad”, “traditionalist”, “traditional sampradayas” are the new nation-level boogiemen which will be used to control the masses - while giving cover to all the atrocities perpetrated by non-Brahmin dominant comminities.

So my request to RW Brahmins: Realize that there is an issue with the “Hindu movement”, stop being party slaves, Modi slaves, Ambedkar slaves - stop being slaves and understand the problem.

7. Conclusion

As demonstrated, in my opinion the Tamil Nadu model is slowly being injected into the national-discourse, all in the garb of hating “trads” and traditional-institutions.

I hope RW Brahmins wake up to this nonsense.

Finally, to Dalits: Although I am not a Dalit activist(my job is not that), if at all you can see through what is going on, try addressing the issues and stand sgainst the ones who are actually perpetrating violence against your people. If not, keep spewing meaningless hate against Brahmins-Aryans-RSS-Manusmriti-trads while non-Brahmin communities kill, burn and rape your folks.

Thank you for reading.

8. References:

1. https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/elections/lok-sabha-elections-2019/tamil-nadu/news/how-brahmins-became-invisible-in-tamil-nadus-politics/articleshow/68842141.cms

2. https://www.news18.com/news/india/tamil-nadu-is-the-most-atrocity-prone-state-for-dalits-and-scheduled-tribes-bihar-follows-5612593.html

3. https://caravanmagazine.in/caste/caste-atrocities-in-tamil-nadu-have-increased-nearly-fivefold-in-lockdown-dalit-organisations

4. https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chennai/tamil-nadu-leads-in-crimes-against-dalits/articleshow/60077686.cms

5. https://thewire.in/caste/tamil-nadu-dalit-tribal-violence-atrocities-covid-19-lockdown-silence

6. https://thewire.in/caste/tamil-nadu-caste-atrocities-lockdown

7. https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chennai/crimes-against-dalits-hushed-up-say-tn-activists/articleshow/78798892.cms

8. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1957_Ramnad_riots

9. https://frontline.thehindu.com/books/memories-of-mudukulathur/article10073976.ece

10. https://sci-hub.se/https://doi.org/10.1080/14662043.2020.1824349

11. https://libgen.is/book/index.php?md5=5D56EE578C80CF9EA4B0601B86115D84

12. https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/tamil-nadu/keezhvenmani-the-first-chronicle-of-violence-against-dalits-in-independent-india/article25826814.ece

13. https://sci-hub.se/https://doi.org/10.1177/0974354520130201

14. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1995_Kodiyankulam_violence

15. https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/tamil-nadu/remembering-melavalavu-massacre/article65585014.ece

16. https://www.ambedkaritetoday.com/2019/06/melavalavu-dalit-massacre-on-june-1996.html

17. https://www.ahrchk.net/ua/pdf/kalapatti-fact-findings.pdf

18. https://www.roundtableindia.co.in/attacks-on-dalits-in-kalappatti/

19. http://archive.indianexpress.com/news/finally--caste-wall--that-divided-a-village-is-breached/306247/

20. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uthapuram_caste_wall

21. https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/tamil-nadu/2012/nov/13/dharmapuri-violence-attack-on-dalits-pre-planned-424811.html

22. https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/tamil-nadu/seshasamudram-village-still-shaken/article7559558.ece

23. https://www.deccanchronicle.com/150818/nation-current-affairs/article/so-much-violence-five-feet-road

24. https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chennai/villupuram-riot-a-flashpoint-in-caste-build-up/articleshow/48661771.cms

25. https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/tamil-nadu/2019/may/10/attack-on-dalits-in-ponparappi-was-preconceived-and-murderous-mids-study-1974827.html

26. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pattali_Makkal_Katchi

27. https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/tamil-nadu/death-for-girls-brother-in-inter-caste-couple-killing/article36660285.ece

28. https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/coimbatore/yet-another-caste-outfit-turns-against-inter-caste-marriage/articleshow/17249025.cms?from=mdr

29. https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Coimbatore/Peravai-members-campaign-against-inter-caste-marriages/article12558685.ece

30. https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/tamil-nadu/Ramadoss-consolidates-intermediate-caste-groups-against-Dalits/article12432099.ece

31. https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chennai/tamil-nadu-groups-campaign-hard-against-inter-caste-weddings/articleshow/13461591.cms

32. https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/tamil-nadu/three-southern-districts-top-the-list-in-atrocities-against-dalits-in-tamil-nadu/article6351014.ece

33. https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Tiruchirapalli/inter-caste-couple-murdered-near-kumbakonam/article65523702.ece

34. https://frontline.thehindu.com/cover-story/article30911076.ece

35. https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/tamil-nadu/2022/oct/07/tamil-nadu-a-progressive-state-says-ravi-asks-youth-to-build-a-strong-nation-2505531.html

36. https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/tamil-nadu/progressive-policies-put-the-state-in-pole-position/article38300271.ece

37. https://www.financialexpress.com/india-news/how-did-tamil-nadu-grow-into-one-of-indias-most-developed-states-find-out-here/690400/

38. https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/tamil-nadu/vck-will-continue-to-expose-manusmriti-thirumavalavan/article66097239.ece

39. https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/chennai/tamil-nadu-vck-leader-thol-thirumavalavan-urges-cm-stalin-to-curb-violence-against-dalits-8122379/

40. https://thecommunemag.com/brahmins-in-north-india-are-rowdies-vck-chief-thol-thirumavalavan/

41. https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/tamil-nadu/thirumavalavan-launches-campaign-against-fascism-by-distributing-booklet-on-manusmriti/article66103825.ece

42. https://scroll.in/article/844192/more-than-25-dalit-activists-murdered-in-tamil-nadu-over-the-past-year-says-madurai-ngo

43. https://frontline.thehindu.com/social-issues/social-justice/article28261678.ece

44. https://www.deccanherald.com/national/south/dmk-spokesperson-supports-periyar-s-call-for-killing-brahmins-subramanian-swamy-moves-ec-1116752.html

45. Checkout @OurTemples timeline from Nov 11th to Nov 13th. He talks about an Archakar harassed and hit.

46. https://swarajyamag.com/author/17508/aravindan-neelakandan

47. https://swarajyamag.com/ideas/from-hatred-to-samanvaya-how-hinduism-can-render-the-23-vows-of-navayana-buddhism-irrelevant

48. https://swarajyamag.com/ideas/can-women-recite-the-vedas-dharmic-reformists-versus-colonised-traditionalists